People with diabetes are at an increased risk of developing vitamin deficiencies due to a number of factors, including:
- Poor nutrition: People with diabetes may not consume enough nutrients from their diet, particularly if they follow a diet that is high in processed foods and low in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
- Medications: Some medications used to treat diabetes can interfere with the absorption of certain vitamins, particularly vitamin B12.
- High blood sugar levels: High blood sugar levels can lead to the loss of vitamins in the urine.
Common vitamin deficiencies in people with diabetes include:
- Vitamin D: Studies have shown that people with diabetes are at an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is important for bone health and may also play a role in blood sugar regulation.
- Vitamin B12: Metformin, a medication commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes, can interfere with the absorption of vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is important for nerve health and may also play a role in blood sugar regulation.
- Folate: Folate is important for red blood cell production and may also play a role in blood sugar regulation. Studies have shown that people with diabetes are at an increased risk of folate deficiency.
It is important for people with diabetes to eat a healthy diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein sources to ensure that they are getting enough vitamins and minerals. If a vitamin deficiency is suspected, blood tests can be done to confirm the deficiency and supplements may be prescribed. However, it is important to speak with a healthcare provider before taking any supplements, as some can interact with medications or be harmful in high doses.