Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate the amount of glucose in the blood. In people with diabetes, the body either doesn’t produce enough insulin (Type 1 Diabetes) or it can’t use insulin effectively (Type 2 Diabetes).
For people with Type 1 Diabetes, insulin is essential for survival. Without insulin injections or an insulin pump, the body can’t use glucose from food as energy and blood sugar levels can become dangerously high, leading to serious health complications.
In Type 2 Diabetes, the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t produce enough insulin to regulate blood sugar levels properly. In the early stages of Type 2 Diabetes, lifestyle changes like diet and exercise can often help manage blood sugar levels. However, as the disease progresses, medication and insulin injections may be needed.
There are different types of insulin that work in different ways to manage blood sugar levels. Rapid-acting insulin is taken before meals to help control the rise in blood sugar after eating. Short-acting insulin takes effect within 30 minutes and lasts for 3-6 hours. Intermediate-acting insulin takes effect within 2-4 hours and lasts for up to 18 hours. Long-acting insulin is taken once or twice a day to provide a steady release of insulin throughout the day.
Insulin can be injected with a syringe, insulin pen, or insulin pump. Insulin pumps are devices that deliver insulin continuously through a catheter placed under the skin. They can help people with Type 1 Diabetes achieve more consistent blood sugar control and allow for greater flexibility in meal timing and physical activity.
It’s important for people with diabetes to work closely with their healthcare provider to determine the best type and dose of insulin for their individual needs. Blood sugar levels should be monitored regularly to ensure they are within the target range and to make adjustments to insulin doses as needed.
